ラジオ英会話 25/1/28(火)L197 感情を表す動詞の過去分詞
感情を表す動詞の過去分詞について、英語で教えて下さい。worried など
In English, past participles of verbs that express emotions are often used as adjectives to describe how someone feels. Here’s a breakdown of some common emotion-related verbs and their past participles, along with their meanings:
英語では、感情を表す動詞の過去分詞は、相手の気持ちを表す形容詞としてよく使われます。ここでは、感情に関する一般的な動詞とその過去分詞について、意味とともにご紹介します：
common emotion-related verbs and their past participles
Verb Past Participle Meaning (as an adjective)
Worry Worried Feeling anxious or concerned about something.
Surprise Surprised Feeling astonished or amazed due to something unexpected.
Excite Excited Feeling enthusiastic or thrilled.
Disappoint Disappointed Feeling let down or unhappy due to unmet expectations.
Confuse Confused Feeling uncertain or unable to understand something.
Frighten Frightened Feeling scared or afraid.
Embarrass Embarrassed Feeling self-conscious or awkward.
Tire Tired Feeling fatigued or exhausted.
Bore Bored Feeling uninterested or weary due to monotony.
Satisfy Satisfied Feeling content or pleased.
Amuse Amused Feeling entertained or found something funny.
Annoy Annoyed Feeling irritated or bothered.
Frustrate Frustrated Feeling upset or exasperated due to obstacles.
Shock Shocked Feeling extremely surprised or disturbed.
Inspire Inspired Feeling motivated or encouraged by something.
Overwhelm Overwhelmed Feeling emotionally or physically overcome.
Key Points to Remember
Past participles as adjectives:
These participles describe how the subject feels (internal emotion).
Example: I am worried about my exams.
Emotion-related participles are passive:
これらの分詞は、主語がどのように感じているか（内的感情）を表します。
The feeling is often caused by an external factor.
Example: She felt frustrated because of the delays.
Similar verbs, different emotions:
その感情は多くの場合、外的要因によって引き起こされる。
Some verbs have slight nuances. For instance:
Excited vs. Thrilled (both positive, but thrilled is stronger).
Frightened vs. Terrified (both negative, but terrified is more intense).
Different forms for active vs. passive feelings:
Active form (-ing): Describes the source causing the emotion.
Example: The movie was exciting (it caused excitement).
Passive form (-ed): Describes how the person feels.
Example: I was excited to watch the movie.
By understanding and using these participles, you can better describe feelings in English, whether your own or someone else’s!
past participle /pɑːst ˈpɑː.tɪ.sɪ.pl/ 過去分詞
verb /vɜːb/ 動詞
emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ 感情
adjective /ˈædʒ.ɪk.tɪv/ 形容詞
worried /ˈwʌr.id/ 心配している
surprised /səˈpraɪzd/ 驚いている
excited /ɪkˈsaɪ.tɪd/ 興奮している
disappointed /ˌdɪs.əˈpɔɪn.tɪd/ 失望している
confused /kənˈfjuːzd/ 困惑している
frightened /ˈfraɪ.tənd/ 怖がっている
embarrassed /ɪmˈbær.əst/ 恥ずかしい
tired /ˈtaɪəd/ 疲れている
bored /bɔːd/ 退屈している
satisfied /ˈsæt.ɪs.faɪd/ 満足している
amused /əˈmjuːzd/ 楽しんでいる
annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/ イライラしている
frustrated /ˈfrʌs.treɪ.tɪd/ 挫折感を感じている
shocked /ʃɒkt/ ショックを受けた
inspired /ɪnˈspaɪəd/ 感銘を受けた、刺激を受けた
overwhelmed /ˌəʊ.vəˈwelmd/ 圧倒された
active form /ˈæk.tɪv ˌfɔːm/ 能動形
passive form /ˈpæs.ɪv ˌfɔːm/ 受動形
exciting /ɪkˈsaɪ.tɪŋ/ 興奮させる（能動形）
thrilling /ˈθrɪl.ɪŋ/ ワクワクさせる
terrified /ˈter.ɪ.faɪd/ 恐怖に怯えた
external factor /ɪkˈstɜː.nəl ˈfæk.tər/ 外部要因
internal emotion /ɪnˈtɜː.nəl ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ 内部の感情
nuance /ˈnjuː.ɑːns/ 微妙な違い
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