基礎英語2 25/2/13(木)叙述用法の形容詞

基礎英語2 25/2/13(木)叙述用法の形容詞
形容詞の叙述用法と限定用法について

Here’s an explanation of attributive and predicative adjectives in English, along with examples:

Attributive Adjectives
Definition: Attributive adjectives directly modify a noun. They appear before the noun they describe.
名詞を直接修飾します。説明する名詞の前に出現します。
Function: They add descriptive details about the noun, essentially acting as part of the noun phrase.

Examples:*
“a red car”
“the tall building”
“my favorite book”
In these cases, “red,” “tall,” and “favorite” are all attributive adjectives because they come immediately before the nouns they modify (“car,” “building,” and “book,” respectively).

Predicative Adjectives
Definition: Predicative adjectives describe the subject or object of a sentence. They appear after a linking verb (such as “is,” “are,” “was,” “were,” “seems,” “becomes,” etc.).
動詞の後。
Function: They provide information about the state or quality of the subject or object.
Examples:*
“The car is red.”
“The building is tall.”
“The book is interesting.”
Here, “red,” “tall,” and “interesting” are predicative adjectives because they follow a linking verb and describe the subject of the sentence.

Key Differences
Feature Attributive Adjectives Predicative Adjectives
Position Before the noun After a linking verb
Function Modifies the noun directly Describes the subject or object
Example “a blue sky” “The sky is blue.”

Important Notes
Some adjectives can be used both attributively and predicatively, while others are restricted to one or the other.
A few adjectives have different meanings depending on whether they are used attributively or predicatively. For example:
“the present situation” (attributive) vs. “The situation is present.” (predicative)
形容詞の中には、属性的にも述語的にも使用できるものもあれば、どちらか一方に限定されるものもあります。

–
explanation ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən 説明
attributive adjective əˈtrɪbjʊtɪv ˈædʒɪktɪv 属性形容詞
predicative adjective prɪˈdɪkətɪv ˈædʒɪktɪv 述語形容詞
modify ˈmɒdɪfaɪ 修飾する
noun naʊn 名詞
appear əˈpɪr 現れる、見える
describe dɪˈskraɪb 描写する
function ˈfʌŋkʃən 機能、役割
noun phrase naʊn freɪz 名詞句
example ɪɡˈzæmpəl 例
immediately ɪˈmiːdiətli すぐに、直前に
respectively rɪˈspɛktɪvli それぞれに
subject ˈsʌbdʒɪkt 主語
object ˈɒbdʒɪkt 目的語
linking verb ˈlɪŋkɪŋ vɜːrb 連結動詞
state steɪt 状態
quality ˈkwɒləti 質、特性
difference ˈdɪfərəns 違い
position pəˈzɪʃən 位置
important ɪmˈpɔːrtənt 重要な
restricted rɪˈstrɪktɪd 制限された
depend on dɪˈpɛnd ɒn ～によって異なる、～に依存する
meaning ˈmiːnɪŋ 意味
situation ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃən 状況

叙述用法の形容詞
afraid (恐れて)
I am afraid of spiders. (私はクモが怖いです。)
alone (一人で)
She is alone in the room. (彼女は部屋に一人でいます。)
alive (生きている)
The animal is still alive. (その動物はまだ生きています。)
asleep (眠っている)
The baby is asleep. (赤ちゃんは眠っています。)
awake (起きている)
I am awake now. (私は今起きています。)
aware (気づいている)
He is aware of the danger. (彼は危険に気づいています。)
content (満足している)
She is content with her life. (彼女は自分の人生に満足しています。)
glad (嬉しい)
I am glad to see you. (あなたに会えて嬉しいです。)
liable (～しやすい)
This bottle is liable to break. (この瓶は割れやすいです。)
well (健康な)
I am feeling well today. (私は今日、気分が良いです。)
worth (～の価値がある)
This book is worth reading. (この本は読む価値があります。)